LED ACADEMY>1. LED´s Basics>2. LED´s Optics>3. LED´s Thermal>
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Heat transfer introduction
- 3.3 Power conversion
- 3.4 LED performance
- 3.5 Thermal design of LED-based luminaire
- 3.6 Cooling system
- 3.7 Thermal design of passive cooling
- 4.1 Cold lumens versus hot lumens
- 4.2 Driving LEDs
- 4.3 LED connection
- 4.4 LED driver
- 4.5 LED driver additional features
- 5.1 High Efficacy
- 5.2 Controllability
- 5.3 Size
- 5.4 Directionality
- 5.5 Durability
- 5.6 Low-temperature operation
- 5.7 Instant on, frequent switching
- 5.8 No UV emissions
- 5.9 Environmental impact
- 5.10 Reliability and lifetime
- 6.1 The Right Light Application
- 6.2 Presentation and retail shop, shopping mall
- 6.3 Industry and engineering, outdoor workplaces
- 6.4 Office and communication
- 6.5 Hotel and gastro
- 6.6 Architecture, facade, city marketing and visual presentation
- 6.7 Road path and square
- 6.8 House, flat and living area
- 6.9 Emergency lighting
- 7.1 High brightness LED market
- 7.2 Lighting Efficiency Comparison
- 7.3 HB LED
- 7.4 LED luminaire cost track
- 7.5 LED retrofits versus LED luminaires
7.4 LED luminaire cost track
LED lighting fixtures have higher acquisition prices compared to conventional ones. But we should look at the price differently. However initial cost is higher (but continuously decreasing), putting together energy-savings and very low maintenance cost over the luminaire lifetime, it makes the LED luminaire commercially attractive.
Figure 7.4.1: Total cost of ownership for conventional and LED light sources
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